套袋对桃果实发育后期果皮类胡萝卜素的影响

doi:10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2019.07.006

摘要/Abstract

摘要： [目的] 为了提高黄肉桃果实的外观品质，通过合理套袋科学指导黄肉桃生产栽培。[方法] 以图八德黄肉桃为试材，于盛花后50 d分别进行黄色单层袋、外黄内黑双层袋果实套袋，以不套袋处理为对照。盛花后98、105、110 d测定图八德果实发育后期果实的单果重、果皮色差、类胡萝卜素含量的变化。[结果] 两个套袋处理均显著提高了图八德果皮的光泽度和色彩鲜艳度，但对果实大小没有显著影响。与对照相比，黄色单层袋处理使果皮叶黄素含量在盛花后98 d显著升高，105 d时显著降低；而外黄内黑双层袋处理显著降低果皮叶黄素含量；果实成熟时，其含量均接近0。黄色单层袋处理显著降低了果皮玉米黄素的含量；在盛花后98 d时，外黄内黑双层袋处理对玉米黄素的含量没有影响，而在盛花后105、110 d时，显著降低玉米黄素的含量。两个套袋处理对果皮β-隐黄质含量的影响不明显。黄色单层袋处理对α-胡萝卜素含量的影响不明显；外黄内黑双层袋处理显著提高α-胡萝卜素含量。两个套袋处理的β-胡萝卜素的含量在盛花后98、105 d与CK差异不显著（P>0.05）；果实成熟时，两个套袋处理均显著提高了果皮β-胡萝卜素的含量。尤其是外黄内黑双层袋处理后，果皮β-胡萝卜素的含量提高了6.69 mg·hg^-1。[结论] 建议在田间栽培管理上，对黄肉桃进行外黄内黑双层袋套袋栽培，可提高黄肉桃果皮光泽度和色彩鲜艳度以及α-胡萝卜素、β-胡萝卜素含量。

关键词: 桃, 套袋, 类胡萝卜素, 单果重, 色差

Abstract: [Objective] To enhance the coloration of yellow peaches by bagging the fruits on the trees.[Method] Yellow single-layer or yellow-and-black two-layer paper pouches were used to cover the Tubade peaches 50 d after full bloom, in comparison with no bagging as CK. The individual fruit weight as well as the chromatic aberration and carotenoids content of peel were measured in the late peach developmental stages.[Result] Either of the applied bagging material could enrich the glossiness and saturation of the peels with no effect on fruit weight. The yellow pouches did not exert a consistent effect on xanthophylls, whereas, the two-layer pouches significantly reduced the content in the peels as compared to CK. Upon ripening, the xanthophylls contents of all treatments were close to 0. The yellow pouches significantly reduced the zeaxanthins, whereas, the two-layer pouches showed no effect on it 48 d but significantly reduced the content 55 d and 60 d after bagging. There was no significant effect on β-cryptoxanthin by the bagging or on α-carotene in peels of the fruits covered by the yellow pouches. However, the two-layer pouches significantly increased the α-carotene content than CK. Both bagging treatments significantly raised the β-carotene content in peels of the ripe fruits but not significantly (P>0.05) as compared with CK on 48 d or 55 d after the treatments,which was 6.69 mg·hg^-1 higher than CK with two-layer treatment at riping stage.[Conclusion] Bagging the peaches on trees cultivated on an orchard with the yellow-outside-and-black-inside paper pouches could increase glossiness and as well as the contents of α-carotene and β-carotene on the peels improving the appearance of the fruits.

Key words: peach, bagging, carotenoids, fruit weight, chromatic aberration

中图分类号:

S662.1

颜少宾, 金光, 张妤艳, 马瑞娟, 俞明亮. 套袋对桃果实发育后期果皮类胡萝卜素的影响[J]. 福建农业学报, 2019, 34(7): 790-795.

YAN Shao-bin, JIN Guang, ZHANG Yu-yan, MA Rui-juan, YU Ming-liang. Effect of Bagging on Carotenoids in Peels of Peaches at Maturing Stages[J]. Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2019, 34(7): 790-795.

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